Cannabis for osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a common joint condition that causes cartilage to break down over time, resulting in joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and decreased mobility.

In recent years, medical cannabis has emerged as an option for managing symptoms and triggers of osteoarthritis, such as chronic pain, inflammation, insomnia, and anxiety.

Research on cannabis for osteoarthritis

Research on cannabis for osteoarthritis shows promising results. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), the primary cannabinoids in cannabis, show potential in reducing chronic pain from osteoarthritis.

A 2022 study suggested that using CBD led to improvements in pain, physical function, and sleep quality in individuals with arthritis. A small 2024 trial of 15 people with hand osteoarthritis found that using CBD topical gel helped ease pain, enhance grip strength, and improve quality of life.

Some studies in animal and cell models show other potential benefits of cannabis for osteoarthritis. However, more large-scale, human-based research is needed to fully understand the ideal dosing, long-term safety, and effectiveness of cannabis for osteoarthritis.

Using cannabis for osteoarthritis

Cannabis can offer some relief from osteoarthritis symptoms. However, it’s important to weigh the potential benefits and risks. Speak with a doctor or a Leafwell provider before using cannabis as treatment.

Benefits

The potential benefits of using cannabis for osteoarthritis include:

• Reduced pain: Many people use THC and CBD for arthritis pain. These compounds may help you manage chronic joint pain and improve your quality of life.
• Lowered inflammation: CBD’s anti-inflammatory properties may target the root causes of joint swelling.
• Better sleep: Medical cannabis might support better sleep in people with osteoarthritis. Sleeping difficulties are common with osteoarthritis and can worsen arthritic pain and inflammation.

Risks and side effects

Like all medications, medical cannabis has potential risks and side effects, including:

• Cognitive impairment: THC may cause temporary changes in focus and memory.
• Dependency risks: Long-term use may lead to dependency or tolerance.
• Drowsiness: Cannabis can cause fatigue in some individuals.
• Drug interactions: Cannabis may interact with certain medications. Work closely with your healthcare team to minimize any potential negative interactions.

Is it legal?

Cannabis is still illegal at the federal level, but some states include arthritis as a qualifying condition under their medical cannabis programs.

In states where arthritis is not a qualifying condition, you may qualify through a symptom like chronic pain.

If you’re a caregiver for a child with a form of juvenile arthritis, you may be able to obtain medical cannabis on their behalf, depending on state regulations. Minors with severe arthritis will likely need a specialist and a second physician to assess their suitability for medical cannabis.

More about osteoarthritis

Risk factors for osteoarthritis include a history of joint injury or a family history of the condition.

Osteoarthritis is typically diagnosed through physical examinations, imaging tests, and laboratory work.

Although there’s no cure for arthritis, it’s possible to manage the condition and slow down its progress.

Other treatments for osteoarthritis

Although there is no medication that can cure osteoarthritis, there are several treatments, drugs, and lifestyle changes that can help you manage symptoms and slow its progression.

Traditional therapies

• Pain relievers: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen, are commonly used to reduce pain and inflammation.
• Physical therapy: Physical therapy exercises are often prescribed to strengthen muscles and improve mobility.
• Surgery: In more severe cases, joint replacement may be necessary.

Natural and alternative therapies

• Acupuncture: May provide pain relief
• Glucosamine and chondroitin: Supplementing with these compounds may support joint health
• Anti-inflammatory diets: A diet high in omega-3s and antioxidants, such as salmon, mackerel, avocado, walnuts, hemp seeds, and turmeric or curcumin, might help support arthritis treatment

Cannabis as part of your treatment plan for osteoarthritis

Although research is limited, there’s some evidence that cannabis can support your symptom management for osteoarthritis.

It’s important to speak with your healthcare team to ensure cannabis fits into your treatment plan.

If you do want to use cannabis — including THC or CBD for arthritis pain or other symptoms — a medical card may give you access to tailored products and legal protections.

Frequently asked questions

Discover answers to your FAQs about cannabis for osteoarthritis.

What is the best CBD cream for arthritis joint pain?

Consider buying CBD cream from a licensed dispensary to ensure that it’s been tested for quality and safety. Opt for a high-strength formula if your symptoms are severe.

Is CBD good for arthritis?

Many people with arthritis use CBD or are interested in using it, especially to help with pain, sleep, and overall well-being. CBD may reduce the need for other pain medications, like opioids. Some research suggests topical CBD can improve arthritis pain, while other studies haven’t shown the same effect.

Overall, more quality research is needed to confirm that CBD is good for arthritis management, but there are some early positive findings.

What is the best medical marijuana for osteoarthritis?

The best type of medical marijuana for osteoarthritis will depend mostly on your personal preferences. Consider choosing a CBD-rich cannabis or opt for a balanced THC:CBD ratio. The terpenes beta-caryophyllene, limonene, linalool, and myrcene may also be helpful for arthritis because of their anti-inflammatory effects.

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